Longevity Biomarker Knowledge

    The biomarkers that matter most for a long, healthy life, with optimal ranges based on current peer-reviewed research and expert consensus.

    Preview: sign in to see all 22 biomarkers.

    Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)

    Causal driver of atherosclerosis. The earlier and lower, the greater the lifetime benefit. Goes well beyond LDL cholesterol.

    What you can do: Levers: nutrition (fiber, plant sterols), physical activity; see a physician if levels stay high

    A fiber-rich diet (30+ g/day), plant sterols and regular endurance training can measurably lower ApoB. Since ApoB is the most precise marker for atherogenic particles, a targeted follow-up every 6 months is worthwhile. With the Longevity Check-up you learn your current value and receive an individual strategy.

    Unit: mg/dl
    Why it matters: Lifelong low levels reduce heart attack risk by more than 50% (Ference et al., JAMA 2012)
    Longevity optimal
    < 60
    mg/dl

    LDL Cholesterol

    A surrogate for ApoB. The cumulative effect is 3x stronger when lowering starts early.

    What you can do: Levers: nutrition (fiber, omega-3), training, weight management

    Omega-3 fatty acids, soluble fiber (oats, psyllium husk) and consistent weight management lower LDL effectively. The earlier you bring your LDL into the optimal range, the greater the cumulative protective effect across your whole life. The Longevity Check-up shows you where you stand and which measures move the needle most for you.

    Unit: mg/dl
    Why it matters: Every 1 mmol/L reduction lowers mortality risk by roughly 10% (Baigent et al., Lancet 2010)
    Longevity optimal
    < 70
    mg/dl

    Lipoprotein(a)

    About 90% genetically determined. Measure once; if elevated, set a more aggressive ApoB target.

    What you can do: Genetically driven; if elevated, optimize all other risk factors that much more rigorously

    Lp(a) is roughly 90% genetically fixed and barely changes with lifestyle. That is exactly why it is so important to know your value once: if it is elevated, all other risk factors have to be optimized that much more rigorously. In the Longevity Check-up we measure Lp(a) and adapt your entire cardiovascular strategy to it.

    Unit: mg/dl
    Why it matters: At very high levels (> 150 nmol/L): 2.6-fold increased heart attack risk (Clarke et al., NEJM 2009)
    Longevity optimal
    < 30
    mg/dl

    More biomarkers ...

    Sign in to the Premium area to view every biomarker with its optimal range and mortality data.

    Unlock all 22 biomarkers

    As a Premium client you get access to the full biomarker database, with optimal ranges, mortality data and the science behind each marker.